What are the three main types of security controls?

The three main types of security controls are classified as preventive, detective, and corrective.

Preventive controls are designed to stop security incidents from occurring in the first place. These can include firewalls, access controls, and encryption, which help to mitigate the risk of threats and vulnerabilities before they can be exploited.

Detective controls are focused on identifying and detecting incidents once they have occurred. This includes monitoring systems, intrusion detection systems, and security audits. These controls are essential for recognizing unauthorized actions and understanding how to respond appropriately.

Corrective controls come into action after a security incident has been detected. Their purpose is to restore systems to normal operation and mitigate the impact of the incident. This might involve restoring backups, applying patches, or executing incident response plans.

Understanding these dimensions is crucial for developing a comprehensive security framework, as they address the security lifecycle from preventative measures to incident response.

The other options categorize controls in different ways, such as by their nature or function, rather than focusing specifically on the three key phases of security management: preventing, detecting, and correcting incidents.