Security Fundamentals Professional Certification (SFPC) Practice Test

Preventing unauthorized access to information and equipment, safeguarding DoD assets against espionage and criminal activity, and providing the means to counter threats when preventative measures are ignored, best characterize the primary functions of which program or process?

1. Physical Security Program

2. Operations Security (OPSEC) process

3. Security incident response process

4. Personnel Security Program

The correct answer is: Physical Security Program

The primary functions described—preventing unauthorized access to information and equipment, safeguarding assets against espionage and criminal activity, and countering threats when preventative measures fail—align closely with the goals of a Physical Security Program. A Physical Security Program focuses on the protection of tangible assets from physical threats. It includes measures such as access control, surveillance, and security guards to prevent unauthorized access to critical areas and information. By implementing physical security controls, organizations can deter potential threats and respond effectively if breaches occur. While Operations Security (OPSEC) deals with identifying and protecting critical information from adversaries, its primary focus is on the information itself rather than the physical assets. The Security Incident Response Process is concerned with responding to and managing security incidents after they have occurred. The Personnel Security Program is related to managing the security clearance and trustworthiness of individuals within an organization, primarily focusing on the individuals rather than the physical assets they protect. Thus, the description in the question best fits the objectives of a Physical Security Program.