How is risk defined in the context of information security?

In the context of information security, risk is defined as the likelihood that a threat could exploit a vulnerability within a system or organization. This definition encapsulates two critical components: the presence of vulnerabilities, which are weaknesses that could be exploited, and the existence of threats, which are potential events or actions that could cause harm to the information or systems in question. By understanding the probability of these threats exploiting vulnerabilities, organizations can better assess their security posture and prioritize their resources towards the most significant risks.

This concept is foundational in risk management frameworks, where evaluating the risk helps organizations implement appropriate security measures to mitigate threats effectively. It goes beyond just quantifying resources or training, focusing instead on the dynamic interplay between threats and vulnerabilities, which ultimately affects the security of information systems.